Other causes include degenerative disorders such as multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy. Parkinson's disease and certain dopamine blocking medications are the most common causes. Parkinsonism is a general term for slowness of movement along with stiffness, tremor or loss of balance. It may also cause other symptoms not related to movement such as reduced sense of smell, constipation, acting out dreams and a decline in cognition. This slowly progressive disease causes tremor, muscle stiffness, slow or decreased movement, or imbalance. This condition causes lightning-quick jerks of a muscle. It can also cause low blood pressure, impaired bladder function and acting out dreams. Multiple system atrophy causes a movement disorder, such as ataxia or parkinsonism. This uncommon neurological disorder affects many brain systems and progressively worsens. Huntington's disease has three components: uncontrolled movements, cognitive problems and psychiatric conditions. This is an inherited, progressive disease that can be confirmed with genetic testing. Functional movement disorder isn't due to neurological disease and is treatable. This condition may resemble any of the movement disorders. Dystonia may affect the entire body or one part of the body. This condition involves sustained involuntary muscle contractions with twisting, repetitive movements. Chorea can look like exaggerated fidgeting. The movements typically involve the face, mouth, trunk and limbs. Chorea is characterized by repetitive, brief, irregular, somewhat rapid, involuntary movements. In cervical dystonia, the neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing the head to pull to one side or to tilt forward or backward. Ataxia may also be caused by an infection or another treatable condition. There are many causes of ataxia, including genetic and degenerative disorders. Ataxia may cause uncoordinated or clumsy balance, speech or limb movements, and other symptoms. This movement disorder affects the part of the brain that controls coordinated movement. These movements may be voluntary or involuntary.Ĭommon types of movement disorders include: The term movement disorders refers to a group of nervous system (neurological) conditions that cause either increased movements or reduced or slow movements.
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